The bar graph shows an age pyramid with estimates of the Canadian population distribution in 2011 and in 2031. On the graph, the horizontal axis shows the proportion of the population, and the vertical axis shows the age groups, divided into age groups starting from 0 to 85+ years, increasing in increments of five.
With the aging of the population, the distribution of the population changes. Between 2011 and 2031, the graph illustrates that the proportion of the total population represented by the younger age groups decreases, while the proportion of the total population represented by older age groups increases.
Data were from the POHEM-Neurological modelling platform, cerebral palsy model, from Statistics Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada.
The following table lists the proportion of the population in each age group for the years 2011 and 2031:
Age group | 2011 distribution (%) | 2031 distribution (%) |
---|---|---|
<1 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
1 to 4 | 4.3 | 4.2 |
5 to 9 | 5.3 | 5.4 |
10 to 14 | 5.6 | 5.6 |
15 to 19 | 6.4 | 5.5 |
20 to 24 | 6.6 | 5.3 |
25 to 29 | 6.6 | 5.4 |
30 to 34 | 6.8 | 5.9 |
35 to 39 | 6.9 | 6.7 |
40 to 44 | 7.1 | 6.8 |
45 to 49 | 7.9 | 6.6 |
50 to 54 | 8.0 | 6.4 |
55 to 59 | 7.0 | 6.1 |
60 to 64 | 5.9 | 6.0 |
65 to 69 | 4.6 | 6.3 |
70 to 74 | 3.4 | 5.9 |
75 to 79 | 2.6 | 4.7 |
80 to 84 | 2.0 | 3.3 |
85+ | 1.9 | 2.9 |
The bar graph shows the distribution of self-reported general health in two categories (fair/poor versus excellent/very good/good) for each neurological condition under study. On the graph, the horizontal axis shows the proportion of the population in each general health category, and the vertical axis lists the populations by neurological condition.
The distribution of fair/poor health varied by neurological condition, from 13.6% among those with cerebral palsy to 58.1% among those with a brain tumour. Self-reported fair/poor health was also high among those with stroke (55.4%), spinal cord tumour (54.1%), Parkinson's disease (53.9%), spinal cord injury (48.9%), and Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (48.4%).
Data were from the 2011-2012 SLNCC from Statistics Canada. SLNCC stands for Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada. ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living with a neurological condition and were based on self- or proxy-report. E signals that the reader should interpret the data with caution, because the coefficient of variation was between 16.6% and 33.3%. F signals that the data were unreportable due to small sample size or high sampling variability.
The following table lists the proportion of the population in each general health category for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Neurological condition | Excellent/very good/good health (%) | Fair/poor health (%) |
---|---|---|
Full SLNCC sample | 74.0 | 26.0 |
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | 51.6 | 48.4 |
ALS | F | F |
Brain injury (traumatic) | 68.4 | 31.6 |
Brain tumour | 41.9 | 58.1 |
Cerebral palsy | 86.4 | 13.6 E |
Dystonia | 59.5 | 40.5 E |
Epilepsy | 72.4 | 27.6 |
Huntington's disease | F | F |
Hydrocephalus | 92.5 | F |
Migraine | 80.4 | 19.6 |
Multiple sclerosis | 64.4 | 35.6 |
Muscular dystrophy | 53.1 E | 46.9 E |
Parkinson's disease | 46.1 | 53.9 |
Spina bifida | 73.2 | 26.8 E |
Spinal cord injury (traumatic) | 51.1 | 48.9 |
Spinal cord tumour | 46.0 E | 54.1 E |
Stroke | 44.6 | 55.4 |
Tourette syndrome | 83.6 | F |
The bar graph shows the prevalence of self-reported mood disorders for each neurological condition under study. On the graph, the horizontal axis shows the populations by neurological condition, and the vertical axis lists the prevalence.
Based on point estimates, the prevalence of mood disorders varied by neurological condition, from 17.1% among those with epilepsy to 38.3% among those with a traumatic brain injury. Self-reported mood disorders was also high among those with brain tumour (35.5%).
Data were from the 2011-2012 SLNCC from Statistics Canada. SLNCC stands for Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada. ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living with a neurological condition and were based on self- or proxy-report. E signals that the reader should interpret the data with caution, because the coefficient of variation was between 16.6% and 33.3%. F signals that the data were unreportable due to small sample size or high sampling variability.
The following table lists the prevalence of mood disorders for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Neurological condition | Has mood disorder (%) |
---|---|
Full SLNCC sample | 23.0 |
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | 29.7 |
ALS | F |
Brain injury (traumatic) | 38.3 |
Brain tumour | 35.5 E |
Cerebral palsy | 20.4 E |
Dystonia | F |
Epilepsy | 17.1 |
Huntington's disease | F |
Hydrocephalus | F |
Migraine | 24.9 |
Multiple sclerosis | 22.5 |
Muscular dystrophy | F |
Parkinson's disease | 22.5 |
Spina bifida | 19.3 E |
Spinal cord injury (traumatic) | 29.2 |
Spinal cord tumour | F |
Stroke | 23.0 |
Tourette syndrome | 25.1 E |
The bar graph shows the prevalence of self-reported impaired cognition for each neurological condition under study. Impaired cognition is shown in two categories (memory limitations and thinking/problem-solving limitations). On the graph, the horizontal axis shows the populations by neurological condition, and the vertical axis lists the prevalence for these two categories.
Based on point estimates, the prevalence of memory limitations was usually higher than thinking/problem-solving limitations, except among those with cerebral palsy, where thinking/problem-solving limitations were higher at 59.7% (compared to 26.5% for memory limitations). Memory limitations were highest among those with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias at 93.7%, and lowest among those with cerebral palsy at 26.5%. Thinking/problem-solving limitations were highest among those with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias at 91.8%, and lowest among those with migraine at 18.2%.
Data were from the 2011-2012 SLNCC from Statistics Canada. SLNCC stands for Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada. ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living with a neurological condition and were based on self- or proxy-report. E signals that the reader should interpret the data with caution, because the coefficient of variation was between 16.6% and 33.3%. F signals that the data were unreportable due to small sample size or high sampling variability.
The following table lists the prevalence of memory and thinking/problem-solving limitations for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Neurological condition | Memory limitations (%) | Thinking/problem-solving limitations (%) |
---|---|---|
Full SLNCC sample | 41.6 | 27.8 |
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | 93.7 | 91.8 |
ALS | F | F |
Brain injury (traumatic) | 68.3 | 53.0 |
Brain tumour | 60.1 | 44.4 |
Cerebral palsy | 26.5 E | 59.7 |
Dystonia | 46.3 E | 23.7 E |
Epilepsy | 49.8 | 43.4 |
Huntington's disease | F | F |
Hydrocephalus | 51.0 E | 45.6 E |
Migraine | 35.4 | 18.2 |
Multiple sclerosis | 48.2 | 30.6 |
Muscular dystrophy | 37.1 E | 32.7 E |
Parkinson's disease | 55.1 | 41.0 |
Spina bifida | 43.9 E | 33.1 E |
Spinal cord injury (traumatic) | 54.5 | 38.6 |
Spinal cord tumour | 39.9 E | F |
Stroke | 53.3 | 45.0 |
Tourette syndrome | 56.9 | 36.5 E |
The bar graph shows the prevalence of self-reported impaired mobility for each neurological condition under study. Impaired mobility is shown in three categories (mobility limitations, requires mechanical support, and requires a wheelchair). On the graph, the horizontal axis shows the populations by neurological condition, and the vertical axis lists the prevalence for these three categories.
Based on point estimates, the prevalence of mobility limitations was always the highest category because it contains the other two categories. Mobility limitations were highest among those with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias at 58.4%, but was also high among those with muscular dystrophy at 52.4%. Mobility limitations were lowest among those with migraine at 6.6%. The requirement of mechanical support such as braces, a cane, or crutches was highest among those with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias at 45.7%, and again lowest among those with migraine at 5.2%. Wheelchair was required for mobility for 37.6% of those with cerebral palsy and 32.5% of those with muscular dystrophy.
Data were from the 2011-2012 SLNCC from Statistics Canada. SLNCC stands for Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada. ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living with a neurological condition and were based on self- or proxy-report. E signals that the reader should interpret the data with caution, because the coefficient of variation was between 16.6% and 33.3%. F signals that the data were unreportable due to small sample size or high sampling variability.
The following table lists the prevalence of mobility limitations, requirement for mechanical support, and requirement for wheelchair for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Neurological condition | Mobility limitations (%) | Requires mechanical support (%) | Requires a wheelchair (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Full SLNCC sample | 18.2 | 13.3 | 6.0 |
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | 58.4 | 45.7 | 19.6 |
ALS | F | F | F |
Brain injury (traumatic) | 21.0 | 14.9 E | 7.4 E |
Brain tumour | 28.9 E | 25.9 E | F |
Cerebral palsy | 47.1 | 29.3 E | 37.6 E |
Dystonia | F | F | F |
Epilepsy | 15.5 | 11.4 | 6.3 E |
Huntington's disease | F | F | F |
Hydrocephalus | 28.4 E | 13.2 E | 22.1 E |
Migraine | 6.6 E | 5.2 E | 1.0 E |
Multiple sclerosis | 49.3 | 30.4 | 20.2 |
Muscular dystrophy | 52.5 E | F | 32.5 E |
Parkinson's disease | 49.6 | 39.1 | 16.4 E |
Spina bifida | 29.9 E | 19.0 E | 18.0 E |
Spinal cord injury (traumatic) | 44.3 | 27.1 | 18.0 |
Spinal cord tumour | 44.2 E | F | F |
Stroke | 46.9 | 38.9 | 13.2 |
Tourette syndrome | F | F | F |
The bar graph shows the prevalence of self-reported pain and discomfort for each neurological condition under study. Pain and discomfort is shown in three categories (moderate/severe, pain prevents some activities, and pain prevents most activities). On the graph, the horizontal axis shows the populations by neurological condition, and the vertical axis lists the prevalence for these three categories.
The categories of pain/discomfort preventing some and most activities were complimentary. The category of moderate/severe pain was independent. Based on point estimates, moderate/severe pain was highest for those with a spinal cord tumour, at 51.2%. It was also high for those with muscular dystrophy (47.6%) and brain injury (42.7%). The prevention of some activities due to pain was highest for those with dystonia (45.8%). The prevention of most activities due to pain was highest for those with spinal cord injury, at 36.6%, but was also high for those with stroke, at 22.2%.
Data were from the 2011-2012 SLNCC from Statistics Canada. SLNCC stands for Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada. ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living with a neurological condition and were based on self- or proxy-report. E signals that the reader should interpret the data with caution, because the coefficient of variation was between 16.6% and 33.3%. F signals that the data were unreportable due to small sample size or high sampling variability.
The following table lists the prevalence of moderate/severe pain, pain preventing some activities, and pain preventing most activities for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Neurological condition | Moderate/severe pain/discomfort (%) | Pain prevents some activities (%) | Pain prevents most activities (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Full SLNCC sample | 29.9 | 21.6 | 10.2 |
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | 37.0 | 20.4 | 16.0 E |
ALS | F | F | F |
Brain injury (traumatic) | 42.7 | 25.4 | 19.3 |
Brain tumour | 39.5 | 39.0 | 9.7 E |
Cerebral palsy | 30.4 E | F | F |
Dystonia | 40.4 E | 45.9 E | F |
Epilepsy | 25.0 | 16.5 E | 9.8 E |
Huntington's disease | F | F | F |
Hydrocephalus | F | F | F |
Migraine | 27.8 | 21.2 | 8.1 E |
Multiple sclerosis | 41.8 | 26.5 | 17.1 E |
Muscular dystrophy | 47.6 E | 29.8 E | F |
Parkinson's disease | 32.6 | 24.1 | 12.6 E |
Spina bifida | 40.8 E | 23.0 E | 17.9 E |
Spinal cord injury (traumatic) | F | 40.0 | 36.6 |
Spinal cord tumour | 51.2 E | 35.8 E | F |
Stroke | 40.5 | 21.4 | 22.2 |
Tourette syndrome | F | F | F |
The bar graph shows the Health Utilities Index - Mark 3 (HUI3) global score for each neurological condition under study. The HUI score can range from negative values to 1. A score of one indicates no disability, a score between 0.89 and 0.99 indicates mild disability, a score between 0.70 and 0.88 indicates moderate disability, and a score less than 0.70 indicates severe disability. On the graph, the horizontal axis shows the populations by neurological condition, and the vertical axis shows the HUI score, ranging from 0 to 1.
In general, almost all the HUI scores were under 0.70, indicating severe disability. Based on point estimates, only the HUI score for migraine (at 0.79) and Tourette syndrome (at 0.71) were in the moderate disability range. The lowest HUI score was for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, at 0.21.
Data were from the 2011-2012 SLNCC from Statistics Canada. SLNCC stands for Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada. ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living with a neurological condition and were based on self- or proxy-report. F signals that the data were unreportable due to small sample size or high sampling variability.
The following table lists the HUI global score for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Neurological condition | HUI score |
---|---|
Full SLNCC sample | 0.71 |
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | 0.21 |
ALS | F |
Brain injury (traumatic) | 0.52 |
Brain tumour | 0.57 |
Cerebral palsy | 0.49 |
Dystonia | 0.64 |
Epilepsy | 0.67 |
Huntington's disease | F |
Hydrocephalus | 0.63 |
Migraine | 0.79 |
Multiple sclerosis | 0.55 |
Muscular dystrophy | 0.49 |
Parkinson's disease | 0.51 |
Spina bifida | 0.66 |
Spinal cord injury (traumatic) | 0.41 |
Spinal cord tumour | 0.60 |
Stroke | 0.49 |
Tourette syndrome | 0.71 |
The bar graph shows the prevalence of bladder and bowel incontinence for each neurological condition under study. Bladder and bowel incontinence are shown in separate categories. On the graph, the horizontal axis shows the populations by neurological condition, and the vertical axis lists the prevalence for these two categories.
Based on point estimates, bladder incontinence was always higher than bowel incontinence for every neurological condition. Self-reported bladder incontinence was highest for those with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias and multiple sclerosis (both at 56.8%), but was also high for those with Parkinson's disease (55.0%) and spinal cord tumour (48.5%). Self-reported bowel incontinence was highest for those with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (31.7%) and was also high for those with Parkinson's disease (30.8%) and multiple sclerosis (29.7%).
Data were from the 2011-2012 SLNCC from Statistics Canada. SLNCC stands for Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada. ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living with a neurological condition and were based on self- or proxy-report. E signals that the reader should interpret the data with caution, because the coefficient of variation was between 16.6% and 33.3%. F signals that the data were unreportable due to small sample size or high sampling variability.
The following table lists the prevalence of bladder and bowel incontinence for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Neurological condition | Bladder incontinence (%) | Bowel incontinence (%) |
---|---|---|
Full SLNCC sample | 24.9 | 12.5 |
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | 56.8 | 31.7 |
ALS | F | F |
Brain injury (traumatic) | 33.6 | 15.0 |
Brain tumour | 28.6 E | 14.1 E |
Cerebral palsy | 23.1 E | 19.2 E |
Dystonia | 32.2 E | F |
Epilepsy | 30.6 | 18.5 |
Huntington's disease | F | F |
Hydrocephalus | 28.3 E | F |
Migraine | 16.8 | 7.2 E |
Multiple sclerosis | 56.8 | 29.7 |
Muscular dystrophy | 30.1 E | 26.0 E |
Parkinson's disease | 55.0 | 30.8 |
Spina bifida | 43.2 E | 22.8 E |
Spinal cord injury (traumatic) | 44.8 | F |
Spinal cord tumour | 48.5 E | F |
Stroke | 41.9 | 23.2 |
Tourette syndrome | F | F |
The bar graph shows the distribution of work status for Canadians age 18 to 64 years in each neurological condition under study. Work status is shown in three categories (working, did not have a job, and permanently unable to work). On the graph, the horizontal axis shows how the population is divided into these three categories and adds to 100%, and the vertical axis lists the populations by neurological condition.
Working indicated that the respondent had a job or business in the last week. Migraine has the most respondents in the working category, at 69.9%. Those with Parkinson's disease had the lowest proportion in the working category, at 14.6%. Of those who did not have a job in the past week, the highest proportion was seen in those with hydrocephalus, at 53.5%. Of those who were permanently unable to work, the highest proportion was seen in those with muscular dystrophy, at 48.5%.
Data were from the 2011-2012 SLNCC from Statistics Canada. SLNCC stands for Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada. ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living with a neurological condition and were based on self- or proxy-report. E signals that the reader should interpret the data with caution, because the coefficient of variation was between 16.6% and 33.3%. F signals that the data were unreportable due to small sample size or high sampling variability.
The following table lists the distribution of work status by working, did not have a job, and permanently unable to work for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Neurological condition | Working (%) | Did not have a job (%) | Permanently unable to work (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Full SLNCC sample | 62.1 | 26.0 | 12.0 |
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | F | F | 46.6 E |
ALS | F | F | F |
Brain injury (traumatic) | 38.2 | 34.1 | 27.8 |
Brain tumour | 50.1 | F | F |
Cerebral palsy | 37.9 E | 39.3 E | 22.9 E |
Dystonia | 42.4 E | 38.0 E | F |
Epilepsy | 51.9 | 30.6 | 17.5 |
Huntington's disease | F | F | F |
Hydrocephalus | F | 53.5 E | F |
Migraine | 69.9 | 21.8 | 8.3 E |
Multiple sclerosis | 40.2 | 35.1 | 24.7 |
Muscular dystrophy | F | F | 48.5 E |
Parkinson's disease | 14.6 E | 42.2 E | 43.2 E |
Spina bifida | 50.7 | 37.7 E | F |
Spinal cord injury (traumatic) | F | F | F |
Spinal cord tumour | F | F | F |
Stroke | 29.5 E | 41.4 | 29.4 |
Tourette syndrome | 57.0 | F | F |
The bar graph is a complex display showing projected indirect economic costs over time, by age group, and for a selection of neurological conditions. These indirect economic costs are due to working-age death and disability. On the graph, the horizontal axis shows three concepts: first, there are seven neurological conditions (Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, brain injury, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease/parkinsonism, and spinal cord injury). Second, for each neurological condition, three time periods are shown (2011, 2021, and 2031). Finally, for each time period, total indirect costs are presented for five age groups (15 to 34 years, 35 to 49 years, 50 to 64 years, 65 to 74 years, and 15 to 74 years). The vertical axis lists the total indirect costs.
Data were expressed in 2010 Canadian dollars. Brain injury had the highest total indirect economic costs, regardless of time period or age group. Relatively speaking, Parkinson's' disease/parkinsonism had the lowest total indirect economic costs, regardless of time or age group. Costs typically increased in age group until peaking in either the 35 to 49 or 50 to 64 year age group and then declining. Costs always increased over time.
Data were from the POHEM-Neurological modelling platform from Statistics Canada and Public Health Agency of Canada. Traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries were based on hospitalized cases, and excluded injuries that did not present to hospital.
The following table lists the various total indirect costs over time and age group for each of the neurological conditions under study:
Indirect cost with neurological condition | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neurological condition | Alzheimer's disease and other dementias | Brain injury (traumatic; hospitalized) | Cerebral palsy | Epilepsy | Multiple sclerosis | Parkinson's disease/parkinsonism | Spinal cord injury (traumatic; hospitalized) | |||||||||||||||
Calendar year | 2011 | 2021 | 2031 | 2011 | 2021 | 2031 | 2011 | 2021 | 2031 | 2011 | 2021 | 2031 | 2011 | 2021 | 2031 | 2011 | 2021 | 2031 | 2011 | 2021 | 2031 | |
Age group | 15 to 34 years | $0 | $0 | $0 | $934,678,114 | $939,983,298 | $926,658,200 | $292,816,305 | $295,626,412 | $305,069,532 | $614,204,025 | $612,906,709 | $617,705,276 | $48,887,361 | $53,246,136 | $50,649,314 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $61,869,283 | $64,486,818 | $63,457,105 |
35 to 49 years | $112,844,799 | $109,254,395 | $116,592,572 | $3,723,046,415 | $3,793,292,910 | $4,114,091,772 | $451,180,875 | $478,549,848 | $534,184,671 | $1,144,520,510 | $1,170,306,145 | $1,266,888,342 | $591,143,646 | $571,488,147 | $633,061,104 | $32,119,356 | $30,629,460 | $34,712,133 | $238,995,891 | $233,205,547 | $251,351,490 | |
50 to 64 years | $447,333,517 | $534,219,873 | $511,483,343 | $2,688,389,415 | $3,069,458,281 | $3,063,140,697 | $235,818,246 | $279,414,212 | $290,606,116 | $792,668,655 | $890,004,020 | $886,515,608 | $695,644,896 | $784,350,716 | $741,508,085 | $205,874,102 | $244,042,356 | $231,347,677 | $199,516,671 | $233,241,232 | $227,326,624 | |
65 to 74 years | $47,275,142 | $73,503,213 | $94,501,057 | $56,828,931 | $89,363,545 | $114,425,932 | $3,540,606 | $6,069,898 | $8,173,856 | $26,446,697 | $42,059,342 | $53,069,580 | $16,277,843 | $24,209,523 | $30,509,618 | $20,854,230 | $30,975,246 | $39,453,987 | $4,719,765 | $7,380,615 | $9,491,829 | |
All ages (15 to 74 years) | $607,453,458 | $716,977,481 | $722,576,972 | $7,402,942,874 | $7,892,098,034 | $8,218,316,601 | $983,356,032 | $1,059,660,369 | $1,138,034,175 | $2,577,839,888 | $2,715,276,216 | $2,824,178,807 | $1,351,953,746 | $1,433,294,522 | $1,455,728,121 | $258,847,688 | $305,647,063 | $305,513,797 | $505,101,611 | $538,314,213 | $551,627,049 |
The bar graph shows the utilization of health services in the past year by health professional type. Canadians with a neurological condition in the LINC study were compared to the general Canadian population, Canadians living with one or more chronic condition(s), and Canadians living with two or more chronic conditions. This is shown on the horizontal axis, and is shown for each health professional type (general practitioner, specialist, nurse, chiropractor, physiotherapist, psychologist, social worker or counsellor, other therapist, or mental health consultant). On the graph, the vertical axis lists the proportions of health service utilization, by each of these four populations, for each health professional type.
In general, the use of a general practitioner and chiropractor was high for any of the populations (with or without a neurological or chronic condition). For general practitioners, the Canadian population with two or more chronic conditions (which included asthma, arthritis, back problems, high blood pressure, chronic bronchitis/emphysema, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, ulcers, urinary incontinence, bowel disorders, mood disorders, or anxiety disorders) had the highest utilization. For chiropractors, the general Canadian population had the highest utilization. For the other health professional types, Canadians with a neurological condition in the LINC study had the highest utilization.
Data were from the 2010-2012 LINC survey from the LINC Project and the 2009-2010 CCHS from Statistics Canada. LINC stands for The Everyday Experience of Living with and Managing a Neurological Condition. CCHS stands for Canadian Community Health Survey. CCHS data were weighted to represent the Canadian population living in the community and were age-sex-standardized to the LINC population.
The following table lists the proportions of health service utilization by each population for each health professional type under study: